Information For Authors
1. Reporting Standards
Authors must present an accurate and complete account of their research, including data, methodology, and findings. The manuscript should provide sufficient detail to allow replication. Deliberate falsification or misrepresentation constitutes unethical behavior.
2. Originality and Plagiarism
Submitted work must be original and appropriately cite all sources and contributions from others. Plagiarism in any form, including self-plagiarism, is unacceptable.
3. Redundant or Concurrent Publication
Authors must avoid submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals simultaneously. Submitting the same or similar content to more than one journal without disclosure is considered unethical.
4. Acknowledgement of Sources
All sources that significantly influenced the research must be appropriately cited. Proper acknowledgment of others’ work is essential.
5. Authorship Criteria
Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. All co-authors must approve the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission. Contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged appropriately.
6. Use of Hazardous Materials or Human/Animal Subjects
If the research involves hazardous materials, human participants, or animal subjects, this must be clearly stated in the manuscript. If the research involves hazardous materials, human participants, or animal subjects, this must be clearly stated in the manuscript. Research involving human participants, human-derived materials, identifiable human data, or animals must comply with applicable ethical and legal requirements and internationally recognized standards. Manuscripts involving human participants must state the name of the approving ethics committee or institutional review board and, where applicable, the approval number. Authors must confirm that informed consent was obtained where required. Research involving animals must state the relevant institutional or governmental approval and demonstrate compliance with applicable animal-welfare regulations and recognized reporting standards. Where ethical approval was not required, authors should provide an appropriate explanation.
7. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest
Authors must disclose all financial, personal, professional, institutional, or other relationships that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the conduct, interpretation, or presentation of the reported research. A Conflict of Interest Statement must be included in every manuscript. Where no conflicts exist, authors should state:
“The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to this work.”
Reviewers and editors must likewise disclose potential conflicts of interest and decline involvement where impartial assessment cannot reasonably be assured.
8. Correction of Errors
If authors discover a significant error in their published work, they are obligated to notify the Editor-in-Chief or publisher promptly and cooperate in correcting or retracting the article.
9. Author Contributions
All listed authors must have made a substantial contribution to the work, approve the final version of the manuscript, and agree to be accountable for their contributions. Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged appropriately.
10. Changes in Authorship
Any request to add, remove, or rearrange authors after initial submission must be justified and approved by all authors, including any author being added or removed. Requests made after acceptance will be considered only in exceptional circumstances and may delay publication. Changes to authorship after publication will be considered only where necessary to correct the scholarly record and will normally require a formal correction.